Introduction to WinSCP
WinSCP is a free, open-source graphical SFTP and SCP client for Windows. Its primary function is to securely transfer files between a local computer and a remote server.
Compared to traditional FTP, WinSCP connects directly using your server's SSH credentials, eliminating the need to configure a separate FTP service on the server. This approach is more convenient and secure.
Download Links
Official Download: https://winscp.net/eng/download.php
Alternative: It is recommended to always download the latest version from the official website to ensure security.
How to Use WinSCP
After installation, launch WinSCP to see the login screen. Fill in the connection details as follows:
Protocol: Select SFTP or SCP (SFTP is recommended).
Host name: Enter your VPS server's public IP address.
User name: Enter your server login username (e.g., root or another user).
Password: Enter the password for that user.
Port: The default is 22 (SSH port).
After entering the information, click the 'Login' button.
Upon successful login, you will see a dual-panel interface. The left panel shows your local files, and the right panel shows the remote server's file system.
Uploading Files
Uploading files is straightforward:
- In the left (local) panel, browse and select the file or folder you want to upload.
- Drag and drop it to the right (remote server) panel, or right-click and select 'Upload'.
The file transfer progress will be shown at the bottom of the window. Once complete, the file will be on your VPS server.
Additional Notes and Best Practices
- Security: For enhanced security, it is recommended to use SSH key pairs for authentication instead of passwords. You can configure your private key file in WinSCP's 'Advanced Login Settings'.
- File Permissions: Files uploaded to a Linux server may require permission adjustments (e.g., executability) depending on their intended use.
- Connection Issues: If you cannot connect, verify that your VPS server's firewall allows traffic on port 22 and double-check the IP address, username, and password.